1、学生需了解宾语从句的定义;宾语是句子的一个主要成分,它可以由名词,代词,名词短语或句子充当。当一个句子充当宾语时,这个句子就被称为宾语从句。宾语从句与主句之间由连接词来连接。
2、学生需理解宾语从句的引导词,语序和时态;
3、宾语从句的引导词可分为3类。—缇吾怩舭—that——if/whether——疑问词(疑问代词who,whom,wh泠贾高框ose,what 和疑问副词 when,how,where,why)——that 引导的宾语从句(1) I know that he is a Canadian athlete. 我知道他是一名加拿大运动员。(在这句话中,主语是代词 "我 I",谓语是动词 "知道 know", 宾语从句是 "他是一名加拿大运动员 that he is a Canadian athlete")(2)He told me that he was leaving for Japan. 他告诉我他要去日本。(在这句话中,主语是代词 "他He",谓语是动词 "告诉 told",间接宾语是代词 "我 me",宾语从句是"他要去日本that he was leaving for Japan")——if/whether 引导的宾语从句(1)I don't know if you are right. 我不知道你是否正确。(在这句话中,主语是代词 "我I",谓语是动词 "知道 know",宾语从句是"你是否正确 if you are right ")(2)I don't know whether you are right or not. 我不知道你对不对。(if一般不与or not连用。)(在这句话中,主语是代词 "我I",谓语是动词 "知道 know",宾语从句是"你对不对 whether you are right or not")——疑问词引导的宾语从句(1)Can you tell me where they are ?你能告诉我他们在哪里吗?(在这句话中,主语是代词 "你you",谓语是动词 "告诉tell",宾语从句是"他们在哪里 where they are")(2)He didn't tell me when we should meet again. 他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面。(在这句话中,主语是代词 "他He",谓语是动词 "告诉tell",宾语从句是"什么时候我们能再见面 when we should meet again")
4、宾语从句用陈述句语序。(1)What are they talking about? I want to know.他们正在谈论什么。我想知道。=I want to know what they are talking about.我想知道他们在谈论什么。(在这句话中,宾语从句是"他们正在谈论什么 what they are talking about" 是陈述句语序)(2)How can I get to the train station? Can you tell me ?我怎样才能到达火车站?你能告诉我吗?=Can you tell me how Ican get to the train station? 你能告诉我怎样到达火车站吗?(在这句话中,宾语从句是"怎样到达火车站 how Ican get to the train station" 是陈述句语序)
5、宾语从句的时态。(1)主句的谓拳婊招稹语动词是一般现在时,宾语从句的时态不受主句影响。I think I can sell newspapers. 我想我可以卖报纸。I think I should talk with her. 我想我应该和她谈一谈。(在这两句话中,主句的谓语动词"认为 think"是一般现在时,第一个句子,宾语从句谓语动词 " 可以 can"是一般现在时,第二个句子中,宾语从句谓语动词 " 应该 should"是一般过去式。(2)主句的谓语动词是一般过去时,宾语从句用相应的过去时态(一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时)He told me that he was leaving for Japan.他告诉我他要去日本。(在这句话中,主句的谓语动词是一般过去式"告诉 told",宾语从句的谓语动词是过去进行时"动身 was leaving"。)(3)宾语从句是客观真理时,用一般现在时。The teacher said that the earth moves round the sun. 老师说地球围绕太阳转。(在这句话中,宾语从句是客观真理,所以宾语的谓语动词 " 转动 moves" 是一般现在时。)