1、打开命令行窗口，创建django工程，并在工程内创建应用，命令如下：django-admin startproject djboardcd djboardpython manage.py startapp msg
2、使用PyCharm打开此工程，在工程同名目录的settings文件夹，配置模板路径，注册应用，修改部分代码如下：INSTALLED_APPS = [ 'django.contrib.admin', 'django.contrib.auth', 'django.contrib.contenttypes', 'django.contrib.sessions', 'django.contrib.messages', 'django.contrib.staticfiles', 'msg.apps.MsgConfig',]TEMPLATES = [ { 'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates', 'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR,'templates')], 'APP_DIRS': True, 'OPTIONS': { 'context_processors': [ 'django.template.context_processors.debug', 'django.template.context_processors.request', 'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth', 'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages', ], }, },]
3、在工程根目录新建templates文件夹，并在文件夹内新建‘board.html’文件，文件内容如下：<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>留言板</title> <style> .container{ width:50%; height:200px; background-color:red; } .lb{ vertical-align: top; } .cc{ margin:10px; } .container1{ width:50%; height:600px; background-color:blue; } </style></head><body> <div class="container"> <form action="/msg/" method="POST"> {% csrf_token%} <label>欢迎留言</label> <div class="cc"> <label class="lb" >姓名</label> <input type="text" class="xm" name="name"> </div> <div class="cc"> <label class="lb" for ="content">内容</label> <textarea id="content" name="content" ></textarea> </div> <input type="submit" value="提交"> </form> </div> <div class="container1"> <h3>历史留言</h3> {% if messages %} <ol> {% for message in messages %} <li><p>{{message.name}} 在 ({{message.date}})留言</p> <div id="message"> <p>{{message.content}}</p> </div> </li> {%endfor%} </ol> {% endif %} </div></body></html>比较简陋的前端，仅仅实现了提交留言和显示留言
4、在应用msg文件夹内的models.py文件，添加如下代码，定义模型类：from django.db import models# Create your models here.class Message(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=30) date = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True) content = models.CharField(max_length=255)
5、在工程的urls.py文件include应用的urls.py文件，代码如下；from django.conf.urls import url,includefrom django.contrib import adminurlpatterns = [ url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls), url(r'',include('msg.urls')),]
6、在应用文件夹新建‘urls.py’文件，并写两个url路径，代码如下：from . import viewsfrom django.conf.urls import urlurlpatterns = [ url(r'board/',views.board), url(r'msg/',views.msg),]
7、在应用视图文件，编写上面的两个视图函数，board用来显示，msg用来处理提交的留言，代码如下：from django.shortcuts import render,redirectfrom . import models# Create your views here.def board(request): messages = models.Message.objects.all() return render(request,'dashboard.html',{'messages':messages})def msg(request): if request.method == 'POST': name = request.POST['name'] content = request.POST['content'] msg = models.Message.objects.create(name=name,content=content) return redirect('/board/')
8、生成数据库迁移文件，并迁移数据库，代码如下：python manage.py makemigrationspython manage.py migrate
9、运行服务器，打开页面提交留言，能正常显示，成功python manage.py runserver
