1、在Item中定义自己要抓取的数据：
2、movie_name就像是字典中的“键”，爬到的数据就像似字典中的“值”。在继承了BaseSpider的类中会用到：
3、然后在spiders目录下编辑Spider.py那个文件按上面【入门教程】来写就行了，我这边给个例子，跟我上面的item是匹配的：【入门教程】你没有给出start_requests这个方法，稍后我会讲到这个方法。另外这里的代码我都是截图，后面我会用代码面板显示我的代码，有需要的人可以复制下来玩玩。
4、编辑pipelines.py文件，可以通过它将保存在TutorialItem中的内容写入到数据库或者文件中下面的代码示例是写到揍茏壅混文件（如果要写到数据库中去，这里有个示例代码）中去：对json模块的方法的注释：dump和dumps（从Python生成JSON），load和loads（解析JSON成Python的数据类型）；dump和dumps的唯一区别是dump会生成一个类文件对象，dumps会生成字符串，同理load和loads分别解析类文件对象和字符串格式的JSON。（注释来于http://www.jb51.net/article/52224.htm）
5、爬虫开始上述三个过程后就可以爬虫了，仅需上述三个过程哟，然后在dos中将目录切换到tutorial下输入scrapy crawl douban就可以爬啦：
6、#coding=utf-8import sysreload(sys)#p鲻戟缒男ython默认环境编码时asciisys.setdefaultencodin爿讥旌护g("utf-8")from scrapy.spider import BaseSpiderfrom scrapy.http import Requestfrom scrapy.selector import HtmlXPathSelectorfrom tutorial.items import TutorialItemimport reclass DoubanSpider(BaseSpider): name = "douban" allowed_domains = ["movie.douban.com"] start_urls = [] def start_requests(self): file_object = open('movie_name.txt','r') try: url_head = "http://movie.douban.com/subject_search?search_text=" for line in file_object: self.start_urls.append(url_head + line) for url in self.start_urls: yield self.make_requests_from_url(url) finally: file_object.close() #years_object.close() def parse(self, response): #open("test.html",'wb').write(response.body) hxs = HtmlXPathSelector(response) #movie_name = hxs.select('//*[@id="content"]/div/div[1]/div[2]/table[1]/tr/td[1]/a/@title').extract() movie_link = hxs.select('//*[@id="content"]/div/div[1]/div[2]/table[1]/tr/td[1]/a/@href').extract() #movie_desc = hxs.select('//*[@id="content"]/div/div[1]/div[2]/table[1]/tr/td[2]/div/p/text()').extract() if movie_link: yield Request(movie_link[0],callback=self.parse_item) def parse_item(self,response): hxs = HtmlXPathSelector(response) movie_name = hxs.select('//*[@id="content"]/h1/span[1]/text()').extract() movie_director = hxs.select('//*[@id="info"]/span[1]/span[2]/a/text()').extract() movie_writer = hxs.select('//*[@id="info"]/span[2]/span[2]/a/text()').extract() #爬取电影详情需要在已有对象中继续爬取 movie_description_paths = hxs.select('//*[@id="link-report"]') movie_description = [] for movie_description_path in movie_description_paths: movie_description = movie_description_path.select('.//*[@property="v:summary"]/text()').extract() #提取演员需要从已有的xPath对象中继续爬我要的内容 movie_roles_paths = hxs.select('//*[@id="info"]/span[3]/span[2]') movie_roles = [] for movie_roles_path in movie_roles_paths: movie_roles = movie_roles_path.select('.//*[@rel="v:starring"]/text()').extract() #获取电影详细信息序列 movie_detail = hxs.select('//*[@id="info"]').extract() item = TutorialItem() item['movie_name'] = ''.join(movie_name).strip().replace(',',';').replace('\'','\\\'').replace('\"','\\\"').replace(':',';') #item['movie_link'] = movie_link[0] item['movie_director'] = movie_director[0].strip().replace(',',';').replace('\'','\\\'').replace('\"','\\\"').replace(':',';') if len(movie_director) > 0 else '' #由于逗号是拿来分割电影所有信息的，所以需要处理逗号;引号也要处理，否则插入数据库会有问题 item['movie_description'] = movie_description[0].strip().replace(',',';').replace('\'','\\\'').replace('\"','\\\"').replace(':',';') if len(movie_description) > 0 else '' item['movie_writer'] = ';'.join(movie_writer).strip().replace(',',';').replace('\'','\\\'').replace('\"','\\\"').replace(':',';') item['movie_roles'] = ';'.join(movie_roles).strip().replace(',',';').replace('\'','\\\'').replace('\"','\\\"').replace(':',';') #item['movie_language'] = movie_language[0].strip() if len(movie_language) > 0 else '' #item['movie_date'] = ''.join(movie_date).strip() #item['movie_long'] = ''.join(movie_long).strip() #电影详情信息字符串 movie_detail_str = ''.join(movie_detail).strip() #print movie_detail_str movie_language_str = ".*语言:</span> (.+?)<br><span.*".decode("utf8") movie_date_str = ".*上映日期:</span> <span property=\"v:initialReleaseDate\" content=\"(\S+?)\">(\S+?)</span>.*".decode("utf8") movie_long_str = ".*片长:</span> <span property=\"v:runtime\" content=\"(\d+).*".decode("utf8") pattern_language =re.compile(movie_language_str,re.S) pattern_date = re.compile(movie_date_str,re.S) pattern_long = re.compile(movie_long_str,re.S) movie_language = re.search(pattern_language,movie_detail_str) movie_date = re.search(pattern_date,movie_detail_str) movie_long = re.search(pattern_long,movie_detail_str) item['movie_language'] = "" if movie_language: item['movie_language'] = movie_language.group(1).strip().replace(',',';').replace('\'','\\\'').replace('\"','\\\"').replace(':',';') #item['movie_detail'] = ''.join(movie_detail).strip() item['movie_date'] = "" if movie_date: item['movie_date'] = movie_date.group(1).strip().replace(',',';').replace('\'','\\\'').replace('\"','\\\"').replace(':',';') item['movie_long'] = "" if movie_long: item['movie_long'] = movie_long.group(1) yield itemdouban_spider.py